共用题干题

1、 10个月患儿，女，发热咳嗽3天，半天来嗜睡，因抽搐昏迷4小时来急诊。体温38.4℃，前囟膨隆。呼吸44次/分，双肺散在细湿啰音，心率140次/分，肝肋下2cm，白细胞：22×109/L，N75%。

1首先应如何处理 A.缓慢静脉注射安定，静脉补钙B.肌肉注射安痛定及安定C.缓慢静脉注射安定，快速静脉滴注20%甘露醇D.肌肉注射鲁米钠及维生素DE.缓慢静脉注射西地兰及钙剂

2最需要做哪项检查 A.脑脊液检查B.头颅CTC.X线胸片D.血钙E.心电图

3脑脊液压力2058Pa(210mmH2O)，白细胞：10×106/L，均为淋巴细胞，则该患儿应诊断为 A.支气管肺炎合并化脓性脑膜炎B.支气管肺炎合并心力衰竭及低钙惊厥C.支气管肺炎合并高热惊厥D.支气管肺炎合并中毒性脑病E.支气管肺炎合并病毒性脑膜炎

2、 2岁患儿。高热，体温39～40℃，频繁咳嗽，喘憋5天住院。查体：精神弱，面色苍灰，口周发青，呼吸40次/分，左肺呼吸音低，叩诊浊音，少许细湿啰音。外周血白细胞：8.8×109/L，N44%，异形淋巴细胞1%，L45%。X线胸片示左下肺大片状阴影。

1最可能的诊断是 A.金黄色葡萄球菌肺炎B.肺炎链球菌肺炎C.呼吸道合胞病毒肺炎D.腺病毒肺炎E.干酪性肺炎

21天后该患儿呼吸困难加重，X线胸片示左下胸呈密度均匀影，上界呈弧形，左肋膈角消失，该患儿可能合并
A.脓胸B.脓气胸C.渗出性胸膜炎D.肺结核胸膜炎E.血胸

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