gh blood pressure. Never let anyone, not even a close relative, pressure you into giving up an organ -- no matter if you''re healthy. "There''s often the feeling that you''re not a good friend, father, mother if you don''t do this," says Arthus Caplan, director of the University of Pennsylvania''s center for Bioethics. Some transplant centers will invent a "medical problem" on behalf of those who are reluctant to donate but feel they can''t say no.
1 From 1994 to 1998 the number of Americans who had donated a kidney reached 244.
2 One of the reasons why the number of kidney donors has risen is that one is better off with one kidney instead of two.
3Yo don''t have to be dead to donate a kidney, but you had better know the risks before you give it up.
4None of the Americans who donates a kidney during the period lasting from 1994 to 1998 died from the procedure.
5 No one sells organs in the U.S. since it is illegal.
6People with heart disease, diabetes and high pressure are not suitable for kidney donation.
15、 Face masks may not protect from super-flu If a super-flu strikes, face masks may not protect you. Whether widespread use of masks will help, or harm, during the next worldwide flu outbreak is a question that researchers are studying furiously. No results have come from their mask research yet. However, the government says people should consider wearing them in certain situations anyway, just in case. But it’s a question the public keeps asking while the government are making preparations for the next flu pandemic. So the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) came up with preliminary guidelines. “We don’t want people wearing them everywhere, ”said the CDC. “The overall recommendation really is to avoid exposure.” When that’s not possible, the guidelines say to consider wearing a simple surgical mask if you are in one of the three following situations. First, you’re healthy and can’t avoid going to a crowded place. Second, you’re sick and think you may have close contract with the healthy, such as a family member checking on you. Third, you live with someone who’s sick and thus might be in the early stages of infection, but still need to go out. Influenza pandemics can strike when the easy-to-mutate flu virus shifts to a strain that people never have experienced. Scientists cannot predict when the next pandemic will arrive, although concern is rising that the Asian bird flu might trigger one if it starts spreading easily from person to person. During the flu pandemic, you should protect yourself. Avoid crowds, and avoid close contract with the sick unless you must care for someone. Why can’t mask added to this self-protection list? Because they help trap virus-laden droplets flying through the air with a cough or sneeze. Simple surgical masks only filter the larger droplets. Besides, the CDC is afraid masks may create a false sense of security. Perhaps someone who should have stayed home would don an ill-fitting mask and hop on the subway instead. Nor does flu only spread through the air. Say someone covers a sneeze with his or her hand, then touches a doorknob or subway pole. If you touch that spot next and then put germy hands on your nose or mouth, you’ve been exposed. It’s harder to rub your nose while wearing a mask and so your face may get pretty sweaty under masks. You reach under to wipe that sweat, and may transfer germs caught on the outside of the mask straight to the nose. These are the problems face masks may create for their users. Whether people should or should not use face masks still remains a question. The general public has to wait patiently for the results of the mask research scientists are still doing.
11. Paragraph 2 ____. 2. Paragraph 3 ____. 3. Paragraph 5 ____. 4. Paragraph 6 ____. A. reasons for excluding masks from the self-protection list B. effort to stop flu spreading C. when to use face masks D. guidelines on mask use E. warnings from the CDC F. danger of infection through germy hands and masks
21. The scientists are trying to find out if masks may or may not ___. 2. The CDC is afraid that the public may ___. 3. The public will not know the answer about masks until scientists ___. 4. We can infer from the passage that the US authorities ___. A. overuse face masks B. deal with the mask problem seriously C. rub their faces and noses in the subway D. protest against the mask guidelines E. help protect people from being attacked by a flu F. announce the results of their mask research
16、 The best way to reduce your weight You hear this：“No Wonder you are fat．An you ever do is eat．”You feel sad：“I skip my breakfast and supper．I run every morning and evening．What else can I do?”Basically you can do nothing．Your genes，not your life habits，determine your weight and your body constantly tries to m
