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第31～45题，每题3分，共45分，下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题，每题后面有4个选项。请仔细阅读短文并根据短文回答其后面的问题，从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。 1、 Pessimism Increases Risk of Early Death
　　A 70-year study of personality suggests that pessimism (悲观主义) is a risk factor for early death, especially among men.
　　The study results also indicate that pessimism can be linked to increased risk for sudden death from accidents or violence, according to the report published in the March issue of Psychological Science.
　　Christopher Peterson of the University of Michigan and his colleagues analyzed data from the Terman Life?Cycle Study, which began by studying California public-school children with high IQs in 1921 and followed them through their life. Most of the 1528 children were preadolescents (少年) when the study began. Those still living are now in their 80s. In 1936 and 1940, participants were asked to complete a questionnaire designed to obtain information about difficult life events and their effect on overall outlook. One such question was, “What do you regard as your most serious fault of personality or character?”
　　Pessimists were defined as fatalistic (宿命论的) people who tend to blame themselves when things go wrong and who believe that one bad event can ruin the rest of their life. They also tend to expect bad things to happen to them and feel that they have little or no ability to change their situation.
　　Males were more likely than females to be classified as pessimistic. Compared with individuals with a more cheerful and optimistic outlook, pessimists were more likely to die from accidents and violence(including suicide).
　　A pessimistic personality may lead to poor problem-solving ability, social difficulties and risky decision?making. Taken together, these variables put the pessimist at higher risk of untimely (不适时的) death, say the researchers. Such a person is less likely to avoid or escape potentially dangerous situations, the researchers concluded. “A pessimistic way of thinking in which people worry too much about bad events, foreshadows (预示) untimely death decades later, ” according to Peterson.

参考答案： C    

答案解析： you cannot change a bad situation.

1According to the passage, you may be a pessimistic person, if one failure makes you feel

A.other people have been unfair to you.

B.other people will help you.

C.you cannot change a bad situation.

D.you can do better next time.

参考答案： B    

答案解析： cheerful when faced with troubles.

2According to the passage, pessimists may feel all of the following EXCEPT

A.helpless when faced with difficulties.

B.cheerful when faced with troubles.

C.hopeless when one bad event occurs.

D.guilty when things go wrong.

参考答案： A    

答案解析： Pessimists believe that everything in life depends on fate.

3Which of the following statements is true, according to the passage?

A.Pessimists believe that everything in life depends on fate.

B.There are more pessimists among women than among men.

C.Most pessimists will end up committing suicide.

D.All pessimists will eventually die from accidents.

参考答案： B    

答案解析： people since their childhood.

4The Terman Life-Cycle Study is a research program that studies

A.people over 70 years old.

B.people since their childhood.

C.pessimistic people over 80 years old.

D.only younger people.

参考答案： B    

答案解析： will die soon if they are not able to learn to be cheerful and optimistic.

5The analysis made by Christopher Peterson and his colleagues shows that pessimistic people

A.will die from violence if they learn to be optimistic.

B.will die soon if they are not able to learn to be cheerful and optimistic.

C.will die from violence because their IQs are low.

D.will more likely die from violence than optimistic people.

2、 Online Cancer Chat with a Safety Net
　　Cancer Research UK has launched an online chat forum for cancer patients to swap stories and share experiences on how to cope with such a devastating disease.
　　But Cancer Chat is a forum with a difference: it has an information safety net.
　　This means that a Cancer Research UK team will keep a watching brief to ensure that patients are not subjected to rogue "cancer cures" or scientifically unsound information.
　　Anyone Can have access to the messages posted on Cancer Chat but if people wish to post a message they will need to register.
　　And Rebekah Gibbs, cancer patient and star of TV''s Casualty has pledged her support for the new project. "I think Cancer Chat is a brilliant idea," she said. "I have written a public diary about what I went through with breast cancer and I have had such a heart-warming response from other people going through the same thing.
　　"The idea of a Cancer Chat forum means you can share information about treatment and side effects and you can really open up about your feelings online in a way that can be difficult when talking to close friends and family. And with Cancer Research UK monitoring the forum people can be reassured about the quality of information being exchanged."
　　Cancer Chat will also encourage its users to check out any cancer questions on its CancerHelp UK website which is specially designed to give patients and their families 6,000 pages of up-to-date information that is easy to understand and explains a wide range of treatments for different types of cancer and gives details of clinical trials. There is also a UK database of cancer clinical trials.
　　The award-winning website attracts around one million visitors a month and Cancer Research UK hopes that some of these visitors will also want to post comments on the Cancer Chat forum.
　　For those who do not have access to computers and have questions about cancer, the charity''s team of cancer information nurses are available during office hours to talk over patients'' concerns on the phone.

参考答案： B    

答案解析： it is a source of reliable information.

1Cancer Chat is different from other forums in that

A.it has the support of a famous actress.

B.it is a source of reliable information.

C.it provides a huge amount of information.

D.it attracts a great number of visitors.

参考答案： D    

答案解析： She has written a private diary.

2Which is NOT true of Rebekah Gibbs?

A.She is a well-known figure in Britain.

B.She got breast cancer some time ago.

C.She thinks highly of Cancer Chat.

D.She has written a private diary.

参考答案： B    

答案解析： their writers get paid for them.

3All the statements about the messages posted on Cancer Chat are true EXCEPT

A.they are available to all visitors.

B.their writers get paid for them.

C.they concern not just treatments and side effects.

D.they are also an emotional outlet for their writers.

参考答案： D    

答案解析： all of the above.

4CancerHelp UK is a website that

A.offers lots of information on cancer treatment and clinical trials

B.attracts numerous visitors.

C.has won an award.

D.all of the above.

参考答案： A    

答案解析：  Cancer Research UK.

5"The charity" in the last line but one refers to

A. Cancer Research UK.

B.Cancer Chat.

C.CancerHelp UK.

D.TV''s Casualty.

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