时间:2016-04-01 07:21:22
2016年职称英语考试真题《综合B》真题及答案(完整文字版)
一、词汇选项
1.题干】All houses within 100 meters of the seas are at risk of flooding.
选项】
A.in danger
B.out of control
C.between equals
D.in particular
答案】A
解析】
2.题干】The course gives you basic instruction in maintenance.
选项】
A.idea
B.term
C.aspect
D.coaching
答案】D
解析】
3.题干】We are aware of the potential problems.
选项】
A.possible
B.global
C.ongoing
D.central
答案】A
解析】
4.题干】Stock market tumbled after rumor of a rise in interest rate.
选项】
A.regulated
B.increased
C.fell
D.maintained
答案】C
解析】
5.题干】The revelation of his past led to his resignation.
选项】
A.imagination
B.confirmation
C.recall
D.disclosure
答案】D
解析】
6.题干】The details of the costume were totally authentic.
选项】
A.real
B.outstanding
C.creative
D.false
答案】A
解析】
7.题干】The new garment fits her perfectly.
选项】
A.haircut
B.purse
C.clothes
D.necklace
答案】C
解析】
8.题干】We are worried about this fluid situation full with uncertainty.
选项】
A.stable
B.suitable
C.changeable
D.adaptable
答案】C
解析】
9.题干】The idea quite brilliant.
选项】
A.positive
B.key
C.original
D.clever
答案】D
解析】
10.题干】They have built canals to irrigate the desert.
选项】
A.decorate
B.change
C.water
D.visit
答案】C
解析】
11.题干】Her overall language proficiency remains that of a toddler.
选项】
A.disabled
B.pupil
C.baby
D.teenager
答案】C
解析】
12.题干】The coastal area has very mild winter, but the central plains remain extremely cold.
选项】
A.warm
B.severe
C.hard
D.dry
答案】A
解析】
13.题干】The phobia may have its roots in a childhood trauma.
选项】
A.fear
B.joy
C.hurt
D.memory
答案】C
解析】
14.题干】You will have to sprint if you want to catch the train.
选项】
A.jump
B.run
C.escape
D.prepare
答案】B
解析】
15题干】Jensen is a dangerous man, and can be very brutal.
选项】
A.careless
B.strong
C.cruel
D.hard
答案】C
解析】
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二、阅读判断
Time to Stop Traveling by Air
Twenty-five years ago a young British man called Mark Ellingham decided thathe wanted a change of scenery. So he went to Australia, stopping off in manycountries between. He also decided to write about the experience and produced aguide for other travelers making similar journeys.
In 1970, British airports were used by 32million people. In 2004, the figurewas 216 million. In 2030, according to government forecasts, it will be around500 million. It's a growth driven by the emergence of low cost airlines,offering access to all parts of the world for less than ￡100.
This has made a huge contribution to global warming. One return flight fromBritain to the US produces the same carbon dioxide(二氧化碳)as a year'smotoring(驾车). A return flight to Australia equals the emissions(排放)of threeaverage cars for a year. And the pollution is released at a height where itseffect on climate change is more than double that on the ground.
Mark Ellingham built his business on helping people travel. Now he wants tohelp people stop – at least by air.
He is calling for a ￡100 green tax on all flights to Europe and Africa, and￡250 on flights to the rest of the world. He also wants investment to create alow-carbon economy, as well as a halt to airport expansion.
Mark Ellingham's commitment is important because his readers aren't just thesort of young and adventurous people who would happily jump on a plane to spenda weekend exploring a foreign culture. They are also the sort of people who saythey care about the environment. It's a debate that splits people down themiddle.
The tourist industry has responded by offering offsetting(补偿)schemes. A smallincrease in the price of a ticket is used to plant trees.
But critics say that it is not enough to just be carbon neutral. We should beactively cutting back on putting green house gases into the atmosphere. And forthe average person, making a plane journey will be his or her largestcontribution to global warming. It maybe good to repair the damage we do. Butsurely it is better not to do the damage in the first place.
16.题干】Mark Ellingham spent quite a few days in China on his way to Australia25 years ago.
选项】
A.Right
B.Wrong
C.Not mentioned
答案】C
解析】
17.题干】Traveling from Britain to any other part of the world may cost youless than ￡100.
选项】
A.Right
B.Wrong
C.Not mentioned
答案】A
解析】
18.题干】A round trip flight from Britain to Australia produces the same amountof carbon dioxide as three average cars do in a year.
选项】
A.Right
B.Wrong
C.Not mentioned
答案】B
解析】
19.题干】Mark Ellingham has never hesitated to encourage people to travelby.
选项】
A.Right
B.Wrong
C.Not mentioned
答案】
解析】
20.题干】Mark Ellingham's readers are not interested in environmentalprotection.
选项】
A.Right
B.Wrong
C.Not mentioned
答案】B
解析】
21.题干】Critics argue that the best way to protect our environment is not todo any damage to it.
选项】
A.Right
B.Wrong
C.Not mentioned
答案】A
解析】
22.题干】Mark Ellingham will collaborate with the critics in his efforts tofight global warming.
选项】
A.Right
B.Wrong
C.Not mentioned
答案】C
解析】
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三、概括大意与完成句子
Tunguska Event
1.A hundred years ago this week, a gigantic explosion ripped(撕裂)open theclear sky above a forest in western Siberia, leaving a scientific riddle thatendures to this day.
2.A dazzling light pierced the heavens, followed by a shock wave as strong as1000 atomic bombs. The explosion flattened 80 million trees across an area of2000 square kilometers. The fireball was so great that, a day later, Londonerscould read after the nearly Podkamennaya Tunguska river, still remains amystery.
3.Experts suspect it was a rock that, after traveling in space for millionsof years, was destined to crash to Earth as exactly 7:17 a.m on June 30, 1908.This possibility worries scientists. "Imagine an unspotted asterold(小行星)hittinga significant chunk of land and imagine if that area, unlike Tunguska, werepopulated," the British science journal Nature commented recently.
4.But no fragments of the "rock" have ever been found Finding such evidencewould be important, for it would increase our knowledge about the risk posed bydangerous Near Earth Objects (NEOs), say Italian researchers Luca Gasperini,Enrico Bonam and Gisueppe Longo. When the next Tunguska NEO approaches,scientists will have to decide whether to try to deflect(使偏转)it or blow it up inspace.
5.However, several rival theories for the Tunguska Event exist. WolfgangKundt, a professor at Germany's Boon University, believes the Tunguska Event wascaused by a massive escape of 10 million tons of methane(甲烷)-rich gas from deepwithin earth's crust. Some people hold that the explosion was caused by an alienspaceship crash, of a black hole in the universe.
23.题干】Paragraph 2_____
选项】
A.Competing Explanations
B.Unknown Attacks
C.Mysterious Explosion
D.Star War
E.Importance of Finding Evidence
F.Explanation that Worries Scientists
答案】C
解析】
24.题干】Paragraph 3_____
选项】
A.Competing Explanations
B.Unknown Attacks
C.Mysterious Explosion
D.Star War
E.Importance of Finding Evidence
F.Explanation that Worries Scientists
答案】F
解析】
25.题干】Paragraph 4_____
选项】
A.Competing Explanations
B.Unknown Attacks
C.Mysterious Explosion
D.Star War
E.Importance of Finding Evidence
F.Explanation that Worries Scientists
答案】E
解析】
26.题干】Paragraph 5_____
选项】
A.Competing Explanations
B.Unknown Attacks
C.Mysterious Explosion
D.Star War
E.Importance of Finding Evidence
F.Explanation that Worries Scientists
答案】A
解析】
27.题干】The gigantic explosion that occurred a hundred years ago_____
选项】
A.has remained a puzzle
B.lacks sufficient evidence
C.is a university professor
D.was generated by the explosion
E.will kill many animals
F.are attacked by aliens
答案】A
解析】
28.题干】The shock wave which followed the dazzling light_____
选项】
A.has remained a puzzle
B.lacks sufficient evidence
C.is a university professor
D.was generated by the explosion
E.will kill many animals
F.are attacked by aliens
答案】D
解析】
29.题干】The hypothesis that the explosion was caused by a rock colliding withthe Earth_____
选项】
A.has remained a puzzle
B.lacks sufficient evidence
C.is a university professor
D.was generated by the explosion
E.will kill many animals
F.are attacked by aliens
答案】B
解析】
30.题干】Wolfgang Kundt, who has developed an alternative theory,_____
选项】
A.has remained a puzzle
B.lacks sufficient evidence
C.is a university professor
D.was generated by the explosion
E.will kill many animals
F.are attacked by aliens
答案】C
解析】
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四、阅读理解
Sports Star Yao Ming
If Yao Ming is not the biggest sports star in the world, he is almostcertainly the tallest. At 2.26m, he is the tallest player in the NationalBasketball Association (NBA) and holds the record as the most towering Olympianever to compete in the Games.
But what really stands out about the giant center is his celebrity(名气). Few,if any, Chinese athletes are as well-known as Yao around the world. Peopleacross the globe are fascinated with Yao, not only for his basketballprowess(杰出的才能)also for being a symbol of international commerce.
When Yao joined the Houston Rockets as the No.1 pick in the 2002 NBAdraft(选抜)， he was the first international player ever to be selected first. Hisassets on the court are clear enough—no NBA player of his size has everpossessed his mobility, so he is a handful(难对付的人)for opponents on either end ofthe court. But what makes Yao invaluable to the Rockets organization is his roleas a global citizen and as a bridge to millions of potential basketball fans inChina.
When it was announced in February that Yao would miss the rest of the NBAseason and possibly the Olympics with a stress fracture(骨折)in his left foot, acollective shudder(震动)spread across China. After considerable debate anddiscussion, Yao opted to get his foot surgically treated in an operation thatplaced several tiny screws across the bone, to offer his overburdened foot moresupport. The surgery was a success, and though the estimated four-month recoveryperiod will leave him little time to prepare with Team China, Yao has vowed tobe ready for the Beijing Olympics.
Yao wrapped up a 10-day trip to China, where he underwent a series oftraditional Chinese medicine (TCM) treatments, hoping to accelerate his recoveryprocess Western experts are generally skeptical of TCM's benefits although newresearch from the University of Rochester suggests that a certain compoundderived from shellfish may indeed stimulate bone repair.
"There is no reason to dismiss TCM," Yao told a press conference in Beijing."It's been used in our country for thousands of years. I don't think that it'sshort on science."
31.题干】The word "towering" in Paragraph 1 means_____
选项】
A.large.
B.fat.
C.tall.
D.great.
答案】C
解析】
32.题干】Opponents find it very difficult to control Yao Ming because ofhis_____
选项】
A.mobility.
B.assault.
C.defense.
D.celebrity.
答案】A
解析】
33.题干】Yao Ming had to undergo a series of TCM treatments because_____
选项】
A.his right foot had been hurting.
B.he wanted to make a more rapid recovery.
C.the surgical operation had been a failure.
D.he couldn't afford all the medical expenses.
答案】B
解析】
34.题干】Which statement about Yao Ming is NOT true?
选项】
A.He missed the Athens Olympics.
B.He is an NBA player.
C.He fractured his left foot.
D.He is an international figure.
答案】A
解析】
35.题干】In general, the Western experts' attitude towards TCM is_____.
选项】
A.indifferent.
B.positive.
C.negative.
D.doubtful.
答案】D
解析】
Medicine Award Kicks off Nobel Prize Announcements
Two scientists who have won praise for research into the growth of cancercells could be candidates for the Nobel Prize in medicine when the 2008 winnersare presented on Monday, kicking off six days of Nobel announcements.
Australian-born U.S. citizen Elizabeth Blackburn and American Carol Greiderhave already won a series of medical honors for their enzyme research andexperts say they could be among the front-runners for a Nobel.
Only seven women have won the medicine prize since the first Nobel Prizeswere handed out in 1901. The last female winner was U.S. researcher Linda Buckin 2004, who shared the prize with Richard Axel.
Among the pair's possible rivals are Frenchman Pierre Chambon and AmericansRonald Evans and El wood Jensen, who opened up the field of studying proteinscalled nuclear hormone receptors. As usual, the award committee is giving nohints about who is in the running before presenting its decision in a newsconference at Stockholm's Karolinska Institute.
Alfred Nobel, the Swede who invented dynamite, established the prizes in hiswill in the categories of medicine, physics, chemistry, literature and peace.The economies prize is technically not a Nobel but a 1968 creation of Sweden'scentral bank.
Nobel left few instructions on how to select winners, but medicine winnersare typically awarded for a specific breakthrough rather than a body ofresearch.
Hans Jornvall, secretary of the medicine prize committee, said the 10 millionkronor (US $1.3 million) prize encourages groundbreaking research but he did notthink winning it was the primary goal for scientists.
"Individual researchers probably don't look at themselves as potential NobelPrize winners when they're at work," Jornvall told The Associated Press. "Theyget their kicks from their research and their interest in how lifefunctions."
In 2006, Blackburn, of the University of California, San Francisco, andGreider, of Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore, shared the Lasker prize forbasic medical research with Jack Szostak of Harvard Medical School. Their workset the stage for research suggesting that cancer cells use telomerase tosustain their uncontrolled growth.
36.题干】Who is most unlikely to win this year's Nobel Prize in medicine?
选项】
A.Elizabeth Blackburn.
B.Carol Greider.
C.Linda Buck.
D.Pierre Chambon.
答案】C
解析】
37.题干】Which is NOT true of Alfred Nobel?
选项】
A.He was from Sweden.
B.He was the inventor of dynamite.
C.He established the prizes in his will.
D.He gave clear instructions on how to select winners.
答案】D
解析】
38.题干】Originally the Nobel Prizes did not include?
选项】
A.The medicine prize.
B.The literature prize.
C.The peace prize.
D.The economics prize.
答案】D
解析】
39.题干】The word "kicks" in line 6 from the bottom probably means_____
选项】
A.excitement.
B.income.
C.motivation.
D.knowledge.
答案】A
解析】
40.题干】Telomerase may play a key role in_____
选项】
A.the unchecked growth of cancer cells.
B.the killing of cancer cells.
C.the division of cancer cells.
D.the transmission of viruses.
答案】A
解析】
Ethnic Tensions in Belgium
Belgium has given the world Audrey Hepburn Rene Magritte (surrealist artist),the saxophone(萨克斯管)and deep-fried potato chips that are somehow calledFrench.
But the story behind this flat, twice-Beijing-size country is of a badmarriage between two nationalities living together that cannot stand each other.With no new government, more than a hundred days after a general election,rumors run wild that the country is about to disappear.
"We are two different nations, an artificial state. With nothing in commonexcept a king, chocolate and beer." Said Filp Dewinter, the leader of theFlemish Bloc, the extreme-right Flemish party.
Radical Flemish separatists like Mr Dewinter want to divide the countryhorizontally along ethnic and economic lines: to the north. Flanders—where Dutch(known locally as Flemish) is spoken and money is increasingly made; to thesouth. French-speaking Wallonla, where today old factories dominate thelandscape.
The area of present-day Belgium passed to the French in the 18th century.Following the defeat of Napoleon in 1815. Belgium was given to the kingdom ofthe Netherlands, from which it gained independence as a separate kingdom in1830.
Since then, it has struggled for cohesion(结合).Anyone who has spoken French ina Flemish city quickly gets a sense of the mutual hostility that is part ofdaily life there.
But there are reasons Belgium is likely to stay together, at least in theshort term.
The economies of the two regions are tightly linked, and separation would bea financial nightmare.
But there is also deep resentment in Flanders that its much healthier economymust subsidize(补贴)the south, where unemployment is double that of the north.French speakers in the south, meanwhile, favor the status quo(现状).
Belgium has made it through previous threats of division. Although somepolitical analysts believe this one is different, there is no panic justnow.
"We must not worry too much." said Baudouln Bruggeman, a 55-year-oldschool-teacher." Belgium has survived on compromise since 1930. You have toremember that this is Magritte's country, the country of surrealism. Anythingcan happen."
41题干】Who was Magritte?
选项】
A.A French novelist
B.A saxophonist
C.A separatist
D.A surrealist artist
答案】D
解析】Belgium has given the world Audrey Hepburn Rene Magritte (surrealistartist), the saxophone(萨克斯管)and deep-fried potato chips that are somehow calledFrench.
42.题干】when did Belgium become an independent kingdom?
选项】
A.in 1800
B.in 1830
C.in 1815
D.in 1930
答案】B
解析】Belgium was given to the kingdom of the Netherlands, from which it gainedindependence as a separate kingdom in 1830.
43题干】Which statement about Belgium is NOT true?
选项】
A.it is twice as big as Beijing.
B.it has two major ethnic groups.
C.it has gone through quite a few threats of division.
D.it has no government.
答案】D
解析】the story behind this flat, twice-Beijing-size country(A) is of a badmarriage between two nationalities living together(B) that cannot stand eachother.(C) With no new government,(D) more than a hundred days after a generalelection, rumors run wild that the country is about to disappear.
44.题干】what does the passage mainly talk about?
选项】
A.Surrealist artists.
B.Belgium's economy.
C.Cultural clashes in Belgium.
D.Music in Belgium.
答案】C
解析】
45.题干】The word "stand" in Paragraph 2 means_____.
选项】
A.handle
B.meet
C.combine
D.bear
答案】D
解析】”But the story behind this flat, twice-Beijing-size country is of a badmarriage between two nationalities living together that cannot stand(忍受) eachother. With no new government, more than a hundred days after a generalelection, rumors run wild that the country is about to disappear.
五、补全短文
What Is a Dream?
For centuries, people have wondered about the strange things that they dreamabout. Some psychologists say that this nighttime activity of the mind has nospecial meaning. Others, however, think that dreams are an important part of ourlives. In fact, many experts believe that dreams can tell us about a person'smind and emotions.
Before modern times, many people thought that dreams contained messages fromGod. _____(46)
The Austrian psychologist, Sigmund Freud, was probably the first person tostudy dreams scientifically. In his famous book, The interpretation of Dreams(1900), Freud wrote that dreams are an expression of a person's wishes. Hebelieved that dreams allow people to express the feelings, thoughts, and fearsthat they are afraid to express in real life.
The Swiss psychiatrist Carl Jung was once a student of Freud's. Jung,however, had a different idea about dreams. Jung believed that the purpose of adream was to communicate a message to the dreamer._____(47)For example, peoplewho dream about falling may learn that they have too high an opinion ofthemselves. On the other hand, people who dream about being heroes may learnthat they think too little of themselves.
Modern-day psychologists continue to develop theories about dreams. Forexample, psychologist William Domhoff from the University of California, SantaCruz, believes that dreams are tightly linked to a person's daily life,thoughts, and behavior. _____(48)
Domhoff believes that there is a connection between dreams and age. Hisresearch shows that children do not dream as much as adults. According toDomhoff, dreaming is a mental skill that needs time to develop.
He has also found a link between dreams and gender. His studies show that thedreams of men and women are different. _____(49)This is not true of women'sdreams. Domhoff found this gender difference in the dreams of people from 11cultures around the world, including both modern and traditional ones.
Can dreams help us understand ourselves? Psychologists continue to try toanswer this question in different ways._____(50)The dream may have meaning, butit does not mean that some terrible event will actually take place. It'simportant to remember that the world of dreams is not the real world.
46.题干】_____
选项】
A.For example, the people in men's dreams are often other men, and the dreamsoften involve fighting.
B.Men and women dream about different things.
C.A criminal, for example, might dream about crime.
D.However, one thing they agree on this: If you dream that something terribleis going to occur, you shouldn't panic.
E.It was only in the twentieth century that people started to study dreams ina scientific way.
F.He thought people could learn more about themselves by thinking about theirdreams.
答案】E
解析】
47.题干】_____
选项】
A.For example, the people in men's dreams are often other men, and the dreamsoften involve fighting.
B.Men and women dream about different things.
C.A criminal, for example, might dream about crime.
D.However, one thing they agree on this: If you dream that something terribleis going to occur, you shouldn't panic.
E.It was only in the twentieth century that people started to study dreams ina scientific way.
F.He thought people could learn more about themselves by thinking about theirdreams.
答案】F
解析】
48.题干】_____
选项】
A.For example, the people in men's dreams are often other men, and the dreamsoften involve fighting.
B.Men and women dream about different things.
C.A criminal, for example, might dream about crime.
D.However, one thing they agree on this: If you dream that something terribleis going to occur, you shouldn't panic.
E.It was only in the twentieth century that people started to study dreams ina scientific way.
F.He thought people could learn more about themselves by thinking about theirdreams.
答案】C
解析】
49.题干】_____
选项】
A.For example, the people in men's dreams are often other men, and the dreamsoften involve fighting.
B.Men and women dream about different things.
C.A criminal, for example, might dream about crime.
D.However, one thing they agree on this: If you dream that something terribleis going to occur, you shouldn't panic.
E.It was only in the twentieth century that people started to study dreams ina scientific way.
F.He thought people could learn more about themselves by thinking about theirdreams.
答案】A
解析】
50.题干】_____
选项】
A.For example, the people in men's dreams are often other men, and the dreamsoften involve fighting.
B.Men and women dream about different things.
C.A criminal, for example, might dream about crime.
D.However, one thing they agree on this: If you dream that something terribleis going to occur, you shouldn't panic.
E.It was only in the twentieth century that people started to study dreams ina scientific way.
F.He thought people could learn more about themselves by thinking about theirdreams.
答案】D
解析】
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六、完形填空
Cultural Differences
People from different cultures sometimes do things that make each otheruncomfortable, sometimes without realizing it. Most Americans have _____(51)Been out of the country and have very_____(52)experience with foreigners. Butthey are usually spontaneous(由衷的), friendly and open, and enjoy_____(53)newpeople, having guests and bringing people together formally. They tend to usefirst names_____(54)most situations and speak freely about themselves. So ifyour American hosts do something that_____(55)you uncomfortable, try to let themknow how you feel. Most people will_____(56)your honesty and try not to make youuncomfortable again. And you'll all _____(57)something about anotherculture!
Many travelers find_____(58)easier to meet people in the U.S. than in othercountries. They may just come up and introduce themselves or even invite youover _____(59)they really know you. Sometimes Americans are said to besuperficially(表明上)_____(60). Perhaps it seems so, but they are probably justhaving a good time. Just like anywhere else, it_____(61)time to become realfriends _____(62)people in the U.S..
If and when you_____(63)with American friends, they will probably_____(64)introducing you to their friends and family, and if they seem proudto_____(65)you, it's probably because they are. Relax and enjoy it!
51.题干】_____
选项】
A.ever
B.always
C.often
D.never
答案】D
解析】
52.题干】_____
选项】
A.little
B.few
C.many
D.much
答案】A
解析】
53.题干】_____
选项】
A.talking
B.leaving
C.meeting
D.touching
答案】C
解析】
54.题干】_____
选项】
A.on
B.at
C.with
D.in
答案】D
解析】
55.题干】_____
选项】
A.likes
B.moves
C.makes
D.links
答案】C
解析】
56.题干】_____
选项】
A.appreciate
B.criticize
C.question
D.confirm
答案】A
解析】
57.题干】_____
选项】
A.pick
B.select
C.handle
D.learn
答案】D
解析】
58.题干】_____
选项】
A.this
B.it
C.them
D.that
答案】B
解析】
59.题干】_____
选项】
A.before
B.when
C.if
D.after
答案】A
解析】
60.题干】_____
选项】
A.formal
B.informal
C.friendly
D.casual
答案】C
解析】
61.题干】_____
选项】
A.keeps
B.wins
C.kills
D.takes
答案】D
解析】
62.题干】_____
选项】
A.among
B.by
C.with
D.through
答案】C
解析】
63.题干】_____
选项】
A.consult
B.deal
C.cope
D.stay
答案】D
解析】
64.题干】_____
选项】
A.enjoy
B.hate
C.forbid
D.avoid
答案】A
解析】
65.题干】_____
选项】
A.smile
B.treat
C.know
D.wave
答案】C
解析】
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