going over to the shelf but, this time, removing the book and them subtly holding onto it for just an extra moment before placing it in the customer’s hands. Of the 20 people who were handed the book, 13 ended up buying it. Just physically passing the book showed a big difference in sales. Why? We feel something similar to a sense of ownership when we hold things in our hand. That’s why we establish or reestablish connection by greeting strangers and friends with a handshake. In this case, having to then let go of the book after holding it might generate a subtle sense of loss, and motivate us to make the purchase even more.
　　A recent study also revealed the power of touch, in this case when it came to conventional mail. A deeper and longer-lasting impression of a message was formed when delivered in a letter, as opposed to receiving the same message online. Brain imaging showed that, on touching the paper, the emotional center of the brain was activated, thus forming a stronger bond. The study also indicated that once touch becomes part of the process, it could translate into a sense of possession.
　　This sense of ownership is simply not part of the equation in the online shopping experience.
　　注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。
　　52. Why do people prefer shopping online according to the author?
　　A) It is more comfortable and convenient.
　　B) It saves them a lot of money and time.
　　C) It offers them a lot more options and bargains.
　　D) It gives them more time to think about their purchase.
　　53. Why do more customers return their purchases bought online?
　　A) They regretted indulging in costly items in the recession.
　　B) They changed their mind by the time the goods were delivered.
　　C) They had no chance to touch them when shopping online.
　　D) They later found the quality of goods below their expectations.
　　54. What is the purpose of author’s experiment?
　　A) To test his hypothesis about online shopping.
　　B) To find out people’s reaction to his recent book.
　　C) To find ways to increase the sale of his new book.
　　D) To try different approaches to sales promotion.
　　55. How might people feel after letting go of something they held?
　　A) A sense of disappointmentC) A subtle loss of interest
　　B) More motivated to own it. D) Less sensitive to its texture.
　　56. What does train imaging in a recent study reveal?
　　A) Conventional letters contain subtle messages.
　　B) A lack of touch is the chief obstacle to e-commerce.
　　C) Email lacks the potential to activate the brain.
　　D) Physical touch helps form a sense of possession.
　Passage Two
　　Questions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.
　　Apparently everyone knows that global warming only makes climate more extreme. A hot, dry summer has triggered another flood of such claims. And, while many interests are at work, one of the players that benefits the most from this story are the media: the notion of “extreme” climate simply makes for more compelling news.
　　Consider Paul Krugman writing breathlessly in the New York Times about the “rising incidence of extreme events,” He claims that global warming caused the current drought in America’s Midwest, and that supposedly record-high corn prices could cause a global food crisis.
　　But the United Nations climate panel’s latest assessment tells us precisely the opposite. For “North America there is medium confidence that there has an overall slight tendency toward less dryness” Moreover, there is no way that Krugman could have identified this drought as being caused by global warming without a time machine; Climate models estimate that such detection will be possible by 2048, at the earliest.
　　And, fortunately, this year’s drought appears unlikely to cause a food crisis, as global rice and wheat supplies retain plentiful. Moreover, Krugman overlooks inflation: Prices have increased six-fold since 1969. so, while com futures(期货) did set a record of about S8 per bushel(葡式耳)in late July, the inflation-adjusted price of corn was higher throughout most of the 1970s, reaching 516 in1974.
　　Finally, Krugman conveniently forgets that concerns about global warming are the main reason that corn prices have skyrocketed since 2005. Nowadays 40 percent of corn grown in the United States is used to produce ethanol（乙醇）,which does absolutely nothing for the climate, but certainly distorts the price of corn—at the expense of many of the world’s poorest people.
　　Bill Mickbben similarly worries in The Guardian about the Midwest drought and corn prices. He confidently tells us that raging wildfires from New Mexico and Colorado to Siberia are “exactly” what the early stages of global warming look like.
　　In fact, the latest overview of global wildfire suggests that fire intensity has declined over the past 70 years and is now close to its preindustrial level.
　　When well-meaning campaigners want us to pay attention to global warming, they often end up pitching beyond the facts. And, while this may seem justified by a noble goal, such “policy by people” tactics rarely work, and often backfire.
　　Remember how, in the wake of Hurricane Katrina in 2005, Al Gore claimed that we were in store for ever more destructive hurricanes? Since then, hurricane incidence has dropped off the charts. Exaggerated claims merely fuel public distrust and disengagement.
　　That is unfortunate, because global warming is a real problem, and we do need to address it.
　　注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。
　　57. In what way do the media benefit from extreme weather?
　　A) They can attract people’s attention to their reports.
　　B) They can choose from a greater variety of topics.
　　C) They can make themselves better known.
　　D) They can give voice to different views.
　　58. What is the author’s comment on Krugman’s claim about the current drought in America’s Midwest?
　　A) A time machine is needed to testify to its truth.
　　B) It is based on an erroneous climate model.
　　C) It will eventually get proof in 2048.
　　D) There is no way to prove its validity.
　　59. What is the chief reason for the rise in corn prices according to the author?
　　A) Demand for food has been rising in the de

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